Assertion and Reason Posted by vuotaa.com Categories Blog Date 7 April 2024 Comments 0 comment Report a question What’s wrong with this question? You cannot submit an empty report. Please add some details. /50 Assertion and Reason Assertion and Reason tasks in analytical reasoning involve evaluating the relationship between a statement (assertion) and a supporting explanation (reason). Participants must assess whether the assertion is true and if the reason provides a valid explanation or justification for it. Mastery of assertion and reason tasks enhances critical thinking, logical reasoning, and the ability to discern causal relationships. These exercises are common in academic assessments, entrance exams, and standardized tests, serving as a measure of one’s ability to analyze information critically and evaluate the coherence and validity of arguments presented. Effective performance in assertion and reason tasks demonstrates proficiency in logical reasoning and analytical skills. 1 / 50 1) Assertion (A) We feel colder on mountains than on plains. Reason (R) Temperature decreases with altitude. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Above the sea level, temperature decreases with an increase in altitude which makes mountain peaks colder. 2 / 50 2) Assertion (A) Railway tracks are longer during the day than at night. Reason (R) Days are hotter and metal expands due to heat. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Assertion bears the fact of thermal expansions in metal. There is small increment in the dimensions of metalic substances when slowly treated with heat. Hence, both A and R true and R is the correct explanation of A. 3 / 50 3) Assertion (A) Salt is added to cook food at higher altitudes. Reason (R) Temperature is lower at higher altitudes. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false As pressure decreases at higher altitudes, water boils much below 100°C, so that the food does not get sufficient heat for being cooked. Salt increases the boiling point of water. 4 / 50 4) Assertion (A) The colour of light with the shortest wavelength is violet. Reason (R) One can notice this colour of light on one end of the rainbow which has seven colours of different wavelengths. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. 5 / 50 5) Assertion (A) An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Reason (R) Apple are very costly. A) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true ‘An apple a day keeps the doctor away’ is definitely true but the statement R may or may not be true. Hence, A is true but R is false. 6 / 50 6) Assertion (A) In the ordinary fire extinguisher, carbon dioxide is generated by the chemical reaction of sodium bicarbonate and dilute sulphuric acid. Reason (R) Carbon dioxide can be used to extinguish fire. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. 7 / 50 7) Assertion (A) Uttar Pradesh is called the ‘Sugar Bowl’ of India. Reason (R) Uttar Pradesh is the leading sugarcane producer. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false Uttar Pradesh is the leading sugarcane producer of India and this is the reason why this state is called ‘Sugar Bowl’ of India. 8 / 50 8) Assertion (A) The steam engine was invented by James Watt. Reason (R) There was a problem of taking out water from flooded mines. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ The problem of pumping out water from the flooded mines required the need of a self-working engine which led James Watt to invent the same. 9 / 50 9) Assertion (A) The common value of all religion should be taught to the children in our schools. Reason (R) Yes, it will help in calculating moral values amongst the children of our country. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. As, Teaching common values of all religion should be taught to the children in our schools will help in calculating moral values amongst the children of our country. 10 / 50 10) Assertion (A) Indian President is the head of the state. Reason (R) Indian Parliament consists of the President, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ Both A and R are true. Indian President is the constitutional or titular head of the executive, the real power being vested in the Council of Ministers. 11 / 50 11) Assertion (A) Carbon monoxide when inhaled causes death. Reason (R) Carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. As, carbon monoxide combines with the hemoglobin when it is inhaled, if forms carboxy hemoglobin compound which inhibits the transport of oxygen. 12 / 50 12) In the following question, there are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Assertion (A) Autism is a developmental disability. Reason (R) Heredity and lower development of brain are the causes of the Autism. A) ‘A’ is false and ‘R’ is true B) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true C) ‘A’ is true and ‘R’ is false D) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are false Both A and R are true. Autism is caused by Heredity and lower development of brain. 13 / 50 13) Assertion (A) Silver is not used to make wires. Reason (R) Silver is a bad conductor. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Besides a good conductor of electricity, silver is not used to make electric wires because it is expensive. Hence, Assertion is true but Reason is false 14 / 50 14) Assertion (A) Mahatma Gandhi is considered as ‘Father of the nation’ in India. Reason (R) Mahatma Gandhi was the first Governor General of Independent India. A) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false B) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ A is true and R is false. As, Mahatma Gandhi is considered as ‘Father of the nation’ in India but he was not the first Governor General Independent India. 15 / 50 15) Assertion (A) India celebrates its Independence Day on 15th August. Reason (R) India became independent on 15th August, 1947. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ Both the assertion and reason are true and the reason is correct explanation of assertion. As, India became independent on 15th August, 1947, so its Independence Day is celebrated every year on 15th August. 16 / 50 16) Assertion (A) Copper is used to make electrical wires. Reason (R) Copper is a good conductor of electricity. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Both the assertion and reason are true and the reason is correct explanation of assertion. As, we use copper to make electrical wires because it is a good conductor of electricity. 17 / 50 17) Assertion (A) India is a democracy. Reason (R) India is a developing country A) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false India is a democracy and India is a developing country both statements are true but India is a developing country does not explain that India is a democracy. Hence, both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A. 18 / 50 18) Assertion (A) Good performance at work causes satisfaction. Reason (R) Job satisfaction results in good performance. A) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ ‘Good performance at work causes satisfaction’ is definitely true but it cannot be determined whether job satisfaction results in good performance or not. Hence, A is true but R is false. 19 / 50 19) Assertion (A) All machines suffer a loss of efficiency due to the frictional force acting on any moving Reason (R) The frictional force can be reduced byproviding a thin film of lubricant between any twomating parts.Reason (R) The frictional force can be reduced byproviding a thin film of lubricant between any twomating parts.member of that machine. A) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false B) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ As, frictional force is always act in the direction opposite to the applied force, so all the machines suffer a loss of efficiency. Hence, both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. 20 / 50 20) Assertion (A) Aurangzeb failed in his Deccan policy. Reason (R) He could not follow the policy of appeasement. A) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ R explains A as Aurangzeb failed in his Deccan policy mainly due to political and religions intolerance. 21 / 50 21) Assertion (A) Bulb filament is made of titanium. Reason (R) The filament should have low melting point. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are false Filament of a bulb is made of tungsten as it can be drawn into very thin metal wires that have a high melting point. 22 / 50 22) Assertion (A) Too much work causes stress. Reason (R) It disturbs the body balance between its capacity and the demand. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Too much work causes stress because it disturbs the body balance between its capacity and the demand. Hence, both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. 23 / 50 23) Assertion (A) India’s ‘Republic Day’ falls on 26th January. Reason (R) Constitution of India, declaring India as a ‘Republic’, came into force on 26th January 1950. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Constitution of India, declaring India as a ‘Republic’, came into force on 26 January 1950. So, we celebrate Republic day on 26 January. Hence, R correctly explains A. 24 / 50 24) . Assertion (A) Forest cutting is undesirable from the point of view of soil erosion. Reason (R) Cutting of forests reduces the interception of rain water. A) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ It is true that the forest cutting is undesirable from the point of view of soil erosion and cutting of forests reduces the interception of rain water. So, R is complete explanation of A. 25 / 50 25) Assertion (A) ‘DNA’ Finger Printing has become an important test to establish paternity and identify of criminal of rape cases. Reason (R) Small samples such as hair, dried blood and semen are adequate for DNA analysis. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Both A and R are true and R explains of A. As, DNA fingerprinting or DNA profiling, any of several similar techniques for analysing and compairing DNA from seprate sources, used especially in law enforcement to identify suspects from hair, blood, semen, or other biological materials found at the scene of a violent crime. It depends on the fact that no two people, save identical twins, have exactly the same DNA sequence and that although only limited segment’s of a persons DNA are scrutinized in the procedure, those segments will be statistically unique. 26 / 50 26) Assertion (A) India is a secular country. Reason (R) Indian people can practice any faith they like. A) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Since India is a secular country, people of India can practice any faith they like. 27 / 50 27) Assertion (A) We prefer to wear white clothes in winter. Reason (R) White clothes are good reflectors of heat. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false We prefer to wear dark clothes in winter as they absorb the heat and keep the body warm. However, white clothes are good reflectors of heatand are worn in summer. 28 / 50 28) Assertion (A) Social integration at workplace is necessary. Reason (R) There are many backward classes in society. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ ‘Social integration at workplace is necessary’ is definitely true but the reason given is not a correct explanation for this social integration. Hence, both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. 29 / 50 29) Assertion (A) Perennial rivers mostly originate from the Himalayas. Reason (R) The fountains in the Himalayas feed the rivers A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true A is true, but R is false Perennial rivers usually originate from mountainous snowy regions or glaciers. 30 / 50 30) Assertion (A) Most of the Himalayan rivers are perennial. Reason (R) They are fed by melting snow. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ Most Himalayan rivers are perennial as they are fed by melting snow throughout the year. Therefore, R is the correct explanation of A. 31 / 50 31) Assertion (A) The British sovereignty continued to exist in India. Reason (R) The British sovereign appointed the last Governor-General of free India. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false India drafted its own constitution and formed its own government after gaining independence. Hence, A is false but R is true. 32 / 50 32) Assertion (A) Graphite is slippery and used as a lubricant. Reason (R) Graphite has free electrons. A) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ Graphite possesses a layer structure with two successive layers held by weak forces. Because of such weak forces these layers are able to slide over one another. Therefore, graphite is slippery and because of this property, it is used as lubricant. 33 / 50 33) Assertion (A) Land breeze blows during night. Reason (R) Land gets heated up quickly. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ Land gets heated up quickly and also cools quicker than sea at night so that cool wind called the land breeze blows from land to sea. 34 / 50 34) Assertion (A) Methane gas released by some industries lends to global warming. Reason (R) Methane is a heavy gas and it settles in the lower regions of the atmosphere. A) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false B) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ Since, assertion given says methane released is playing a role to cause global warming and reason given correctly explains the assertion as methane setteled in tropopause and stratosphere. Breaking down methane molecule into carbon dioxide in water and causes green house effect and desinteration of ozone layerrespectively. Hence, both A and Rtrue are and R is the correctexplanation of A. 35 / 50 35) Assertion (A) India is a democratic country. Reason (R) People elect their own representatives who form the government. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false Both the assertion and reason are true and the reason is correct explanation of assertion. India, being a democracy, it is a government run by the representatives elected by its people. 36 / 50 36) Assertion (A) In India, the judiciary is independent of the executive. Reason (R) Judiciary favours the government and helps in the implementation of its plans. A) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ A is true but R is false. As in India, the judiciary is completely independent of the executive the government has no interference in the judicial affairs. 37 / 50 37) Assertion (A) We feel comfortable in hot and humid climate. Reason (R) Sweat evaporates faster in humid climate. A) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ We do not feel comfortable in hot and humid climate as in hot weather, body sweats more but this sweat does not evaporates easily because of high humidity. 38 / 50 38) Assertion (A) Ashoka pillars have retained their gloss on their surface. Reason (R) Moisture laden winds do not blow in the areas where it is located. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ Because of superior quality material being used, Ashoka pillars have retained their gloss on their surfaces. Hence, R is completely false. 39 / 50 39) Assertion (A) Clothes are not washed properly in hard water. Reason (R) Hard water contains many minerals. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. Clothes are not washed properly in hard water because it does not form lather with soap. However, it is true that hard water contains many minerals. 40 / 50 40) Assertion (A) In India, 2nd October, is observed as ‘Martyr’s Day’. Reason (R) Pt. Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Assertion is false as 2nd October is observed as International Day of non-violence. But the reason is true. 41 / 50 41) Assertion (A) Rainwater harvesting reduces soil erosion. Reason (R) Rainwater harvesting is not important for conservation of water. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true A is true, but R is false one of the main reason of rainwater harvesting is conserve water for future. 42 / 50 42) Assertion (A) Increase in carbon dioxide would melt polar ice. Reason (R) Global temperature would rise A) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true The carbon dioxide envelope in Earth’s atmosphere traps the heat. With increase in the proportion of carbon dioxide, the global temperature would rise, thus causing the polar ice to melt. 43 / 50 43) Assertion (A) A body weighs less when immersed in water. Reason (R) Newton’s law explains the above phenomenon. A) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ A is true and R is false. Newton’s law discusses about the force, while a body weighs less when immersed in water because of buoyancy 44 / 50 44) Assertion (A) India is a ‘sovereign’ country. Reason (R) Policies of India are decided by USA. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true A is true and R is false. As, India is a ‘sovereign’ country, policies of India are not decided by USA. 45 / 50 45) Assertion (A) The escape velocity from the surface of the moon is less than that from the Earth’s surface. Reason (R) The Moon has no atmosphere. A) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true We know that the escape velocity depends on the value of G (Universal gravitational constant) and M (Mass of body). The escape velocity from the surface of the Moon is less than from the Earth’s surface because the value of G and M are less than that of Earth. So, both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. 46 / 50 46) Assertion (A) Inside the Earth, metals are present in molten state. Reason (R) Earth absorbs the Sun’s rays. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true Inside the Earth, the high temperature and pressure keep the metals in molten state. The Earth reflects the Sun’s rays rather than absorbing them. 47 / 50 47) An Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are given below. Assertion (A) Leakages in household gas cylinders can be detected. Reason (R) LPG has a strong smell. A) Both A and R are false B) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A C) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A D) A is true but R is false LPG contains ethyl mercaptan which has strong smell. Because of this, smell leakages in household gas cylinders can be detected. 48 / 50 48) Assertion (A) Tamil Nadu gets most of the rainfall in winter. Reason (R) Tamil Nadu gets rainfall from retreating monsoons. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true C) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ D) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A as, rainfall in Tamil Nadu is caused by the retreating which occurs in winter. 49 / 50 49) Assertion (A) Ventilators are provided near the roof. Reason (R) Conduction takes place better near the roof. A) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false B) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ Air, upon heating, rises and so can be thrown out of a room through high ventilators. This is the reason why ventilators are provided near the roof. 50 / 50 50) Assertion (A) Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India for many years. Reason (R) Indira Gandhi was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru. A) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’ B) If ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false C) If ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true D) If both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’ Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India for many years but she was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru is not related to the first one. Hence, both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. 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